Machine for making fastenings



G. GODDU. MACHINE FOR MAKING FASTENINGS.

APPLICATION FILED .MN- 29, I916. I

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

M 4 6 Mm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE GODDU, OF WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNL MENTS, TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION,'OF PATERSON, NEW JER- SEY, A CORPORATION" OF NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

Application filed January 29, 1916. Serial No. 75,080.

. ZZZ, whom it may coileern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE GODDU, a citizen of the United States, residing at WVinchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Making Fastenings, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like reference characters on the drawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to machines for making fastenings, and is of particular utility in machines used in manufacturing boots and shoes to insert short fastenings or slugs in the top lift of the heel of a boot or shoe.

. present invention is particularly concerned with the cuttingor shearing mechanism that is employed in these machines to sever the wire for the purpose of forming individual fastenings. Usually it is desirable that such fastenings shall have a smooth flat top surface or head and a point shaped to drive easily into the work. The shearing mechanisms employed are usually arranged to form simultaneously the top of one fastening and the point of the next succeeding fasten ing, and generally they include a pair of blades or cutters which are relatively movable toward and from each other into and out of engagement with the wire which they are to cut. These cutters generally have sharp cutting edges which become dull very quickly, particularly if considerable care is not exercised in grinding them to avoid drawing their temper; and as soon as they become dull, they fail to make a clean cut.

Furthermore, even when they are sharp they do not always make a clean out for the reason that the wire often breaks before the mechanism can complete the cutting operation. In either case the fastening formed will have a rough top surface, usually with a ridge extending across the surface, or a projection sticking up from it. A fastening of this character is objectionable both because it tends to tear or wear out very quickly the surface of the abrading tool that is used in bufiing the heel bottom or other surface in which the fastening is driven, and also because it presents a rough or ragged appearance in the work.' The slugs in the tread face of a well finished heel should present a uniform appearance. This appearance is very readily produced if the slugs are cut off cleanly; but it is obvious that if some of the slugs have a ridged or rough top as just described, a great deal of scouring and bufling will be required to produce this result. 7

These shearing mechanisms also make a wedge shaped point on the fastenings, which is sometimes objectionable since it causes the fastenings to split certain kinds of stock when driven into it, due to the spreading action of this kind of a point. Moreover, if the shearing members are moved together in the severance of the fastening from the wire so as to form it with a narrow point, the point of the fastening is likely to be upset when it is driven into the work, especially when the fastening is made from zinc wire which is relatively soft and is driven into tough, hard stock. If, on the other hand, the shearing members are not caused to approach each other so as completely to sever the fastening from the wire, the point of the fastening will be blunt and consequent difficulty will be experienced in inserting it into the work. The formation of the fastenings with blunt ends is further objectionable because of the tendency of such fastenings when driven into a top lift, to raise the top lift from the next adjacent lift and produce a crack or check in the lateral surface of the heel.

To devise a cutting or shearing mechanism that will overcome these difficulties, constitutes the general object of the present invention. Stated more specifically, the invention aims to devise a shearing mechanism of the character indicated, which will be more reliable, will require less care and attention, and will be less liable to make imperfect fastenings than those now in use. An important feature of the invention relates to cutters or dies of a novel construction, which materially contribute to the accomplishment of these objects. Preferably, these dies have their active faces formed to make on each fastening a wedge shaped i. of a fastening making and inserting mechapoint terminating in a thin flat tip having substantially parallel sides. The thin tip enables the fastening to be readily inserted in'the work but extends a short distance only from the thick wedge shaped portion of the point of the fastening so that itwill not be turned or upset when the fastening is driven.

A convenient embodiment of the invention will now be described 1n detail as applied to the machine widely known commercially as the Universal slugging -ma-- chine, and-which is shown in the Casgrain Patents No. 786190, granted March 28, 1905, and No. 1017381 granted February 13,1912. Referring to the accompanying drawings, which show this embodiment of the invention, p

. Figure 1 is an angular view of those parts nism which are necessary to an understanding of the present invention;

Figs. 2, 3 and at are front elevations. partly in section, of the more important parts of the shearing mechanism, showing successive steps in the shearing operation;

. and

Fig. 5 is an angular view of a fastening formed by this mechanism.

in the drawings, 2 indicates the horn tip, 4 the presser plate, 6 the throat, 8 the driver, and 10 the wire guide, all constructed and arranged substantially as shown in the Gasgrain Patent No. 1017381. The part 10 guides the wire V7 into the passage formed for it in the throat 6, a suitable feeding mechanism (not shown) being provided to feedthe wire W into the throat between successive cutting operations, as will be obvious to those skilled in this art. The wire is partly severed by two dies or cutters, 12 and 141 respectively, which are arranged to engage opposite sides of the wire W close tothe point where it enters the throat 6. The'cutter 12 isadjustably clamped in a stationary holder 16 at one side of the throat 6; while the cutter 14; is secured in a similar clamp on holder 18. This holder isfast on the forward end of a sleeve 20 which is mounted to oscillate about its own axis to move the die or cutter 14 toward and from its companion cutter 12. This movement is produced by means ofan arm thus 22 clamped to the rear end of the sleeve 20 and carrying a roll 24: which runs in: a cam path formed in a cam26 fixed on themain shaft 28 of the machine. A bolt '15 ad justable in the holder 18 backs up the cutter 1 1 and affords a convenient means for adj usting the cutter. All these parts, with the exception of the cutters, are constructed and operated in the manner shown and described in the Casgrain Patent No. 1017381; and

reference should be made to this patent for p a detailed description ofthe general organization of this machine, and the manner in which the parts just described cooperate with the other parts of the machine.

The throat 6 is secured fast to the forward end of a rock shaft 30 that extends through the sleeve 20 and carries near its rearward end a small bracket or arm 32, to which is secured a removable blockii l having teeth formed therein that mesh with similar teeth formed in the lower end of a lever arm 86. This'arm is pivoted on a stud 38 and carries at its upper end a roll Orunning in a path 42 formed in the end of a cam 4% which is fixed to the shaft 28.

It is obvious that as the cam 1 1 rotates,

the connections just described will give to the rock shaft 30, and consequently to the throat 6, a rocking movement about the axis of this-shaft. In order to adjust the limits of this movement along the path of movement, the roll 40 is mounted on, an eccentric stud 16, which is carried by the upper end of the lever 36.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the parts are shown in the wire feeding position; that is, the position in which the feeding mechanism ad- W, and this movement together with the movement of the throat, forces the opposite side of the wire against the edge of the stationary cutter 12. The two'cutters thus bite into opposite sides of the wire at substantially the same time and notch it to approximately the same depth. l/Vhen the parts have arrived at substantially the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 3, the movement of the cutter 14' toward its companion cutter 12 is stopped; but the throat 6 continues to move toward the stationary cutter. These two cutters thus grip the wire at the point where they have partially severed it, while the throat 6 shears off the wire against the edge of the cutter 12, and completes the severing operation.

.vances into the throat 6 the length of wire Since the two cutters engaged the wire at the surface of the throat, a clean cut is produced and a smooth head is formed on the fastening that is cut off at this time.

As soon as the severing operation has been completed the fastening F so formed is free to drop through the passage in the throat 6, as shown in Fig. 4. The throat is nextmoved forward, away from the cutters, to carry the fastening so formed under the driver 8. This movement is effected through a toothed block 50 which is secured to the rearward end of the rock shaft 30, and the teetlr of which mesh with similar teeth formed on the lower end of a lever 52, which is fulcrumedat a point above the cam 44 and carries a roll 54.- running in the cam path 56 formed in; the periphery of the cam 44. As

soon as the driver has driven the fastening. and moved out of the throat, the throat 6 and the cutter 14: are returned to the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 2, and

the cycle of operations just described is then repeated. r

The arrangement, above described, affords a convenient, compact and efficient shearing mechanism, and constitutes an important feature of this invention. As above indicated, the invention also is directed to a novelcutter construction. As shown in the drawings, the two cutters 12 and let instead of having sharp cutting edges, eachhas a relatively thick substantially plane cutting edge and also has two diverging faces en:- tending backwardly away from said edge. The lower of said faces lies substantially at right angles to the plane of the cutting edge while. the upper face is inclined upwardly and backwardly from said edge. These lower faces form a smooth fiat head on each fastening and the upper inclined faces form a point that drives easily. lVhile the face or plane of the cutting edge is relatively narrow, still it has sufficient width to render the cutter immune from the objections above described. as attending the use of sharp edged. cutters. That is, the edge is so thick that it does not'become dull quickly, and consequently does not have to be ground frequently, with the resulting danger of drawing the temper at the point where it is most needed. Not only is much ofthe trouble experienced in using other cutters thus eliminated, but there is substantially less danger of making misshaped fastenings due to the breaking of the wire when notched. by the cutters; It has been found in practice that a pair of cutters made as above described often run satisfactorily for months without grinding. r

it will be evident from an. inspection of 3, that the cutters are so'adjusted that their cutting edges, which extend substantially parallel to the length of the wire duringthe cutting operation, do not quite meet produces a fastening having a wedge shaped point that terminates in a thin flat end portion or tip indicated in Fig. 5 at f. It is found in practicethat this kind of a point is less liable to split the stock into which it is driven, than is the wedge shaped point more commonly used on fastenings of this character. This apparently is due to the fact that the tip f acts as a broach or punch, and in forcing its way into the stock pushes a certain amount of thestock ahead of it,

as does a punch. The wedge shaped portion that follows then crowds aside the stock that remains in the path of the fastening. This feature is of particular value in slugging machines which are used to drive a row of fastenings close together along the margin ofthe top lift, and in which accordingly, any tendency to split the stock is especially objectionable.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, a shearing mechanism constructed to out the wire to form simultaneously the head of one fastening and the point of the nest succeeding fastening, said mechaism including shaping members having their active faces formed to make on each fastenin a wedge shaped fpoint terminating in a this flat tip having substantially paral lel sides.

2. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, a shearing mechanism constructed to cut the wire to form asmooth flat head on one fastening and simultaneously therewith to form the point of the next succeeding fastening, said mechanism including dies having their active faces formed to make on each fastening a wedge shaped pointterminating in a thin flat tip having substantially parallel sides.

3. In' a machine for making fastenings from wire, a shearing mechanism construc ed to'cut the wire to form simultaneously the head of one fastening and the point of the next succeeding fastening, said mechanism including two cutters mounted for relative movement toward and from each other, operating mechanism for said out ters, said cutters being operated and having their active faces shaped so as partially to sever a wirepositioned between them, and form on each fastening a wedge shaped point terminating in a thin flat tip having substantially parallel sides.

4. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, cutters, means for guiding the vtening.

wire past said cutters to a position such I that the free end of the wire extends beyond said cutters to an extent sufficient to form a fastening, each of said cutters having a relatively thick substantially plane cutting edge and two diverging faces extending backwardly away from said edge, one of said diverging faces lying at a substantially right angle to said edge,and,said last-mew tioned faces-being arranged on the sides of the cutters toward the projecting portion of the wire which is to be formed into a fas- 5'. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, the combination wvith cutters for operating on the wire, a throat into which-the-end of the wire is fedpa'st said cutters, said cutters having relatively thick substantially plane cutting edges and each having two diverging faces extending back wardly away from said edge, one of said diverging faces lying at a substantially right angle to said edge and said last-mea tioned faces being arranged on the sides of the cutters toward said throat.

6. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, the combination witha shearing mechanism for cutting the wire to form simultaneously the head of one fastening and the point of the next succeeding fastoning and comprising aspair of cutters, each of said. cutters having a relatively thick substantially plane cutting edge and" two diverging faces extending backwardly awayfrom said edge, one of saidfaces lying at substantially right angles to said edge, of mechanism for relatively moving said cutters to cause them'to partially sever a wire positioned between them, said mechanism being constructed and arranged to stop said relative movement before said cutting'edges meet. I

7. In a machinefor making fastenings fromwire, the combination with a shearing mechanism comprising a pair of cutters, each of saidcutters having a relatively thick substantially plane cutting edge and two diverging faces extending b'ackwardly away from said edge, one of said faces lying at substantially rightangles to said edge, of

mechanism for relativelymoving said cutters to cause them to'partially sever a wire positioned between them, said mechanism being constructed and arranged to stop said relative movement beforesaid cutting edges meet, a throat in which theend portion of the wireis positionedwh ile said movement of the cutters in a direction transverse to the cutting edge of one ofthe cutters is being efl ected, and mechanism for, relatively moving said throat and said cutters after the cutters have completed their relative cutting movement and while they grip the wire to complete the severance of the wire.

8. In a machine for making -fastenings from wire, the combination with a'throat having a passage to receive the end of a wire, and means for guiding a wire into said passage; of a pair of cutters mounted adjacent to said throat and formed with cutting edges, mechanism for relatively moving said cutters to ca-i-i'y said cutting edges toward each other to partially sever thewire, and means for giving said throat and said cutters a relative movement in a direction to shear off the wire against one of said cutting edges to complete the severance-o'fthe wire.

9. In a'machine for making fastenings' from wire,- the combination with a throat havinga passage to receive the end of a wii'e,-and-rneans for guiding a wire into said passage, of a pair of cutters mounted adjacent'to said throat, one of said cutters being stationary and the other movable, operating mechanisms for simultaneously movingthe cutting edge of the movable cutter and said throat toward the cutting edge of the stationary cutter to cause said cutters to notch opposite sides of the wire adjacent to the pointwhere' it enters said .throat,-rsaid throat operating mechanism being operative thereafter to give the throat a further movement serving to shear off the wire against the cutting edge of one of said cutters.

10. In a machine ,for making fastenings from wire, the combination with a throat havingfa passage to receive the end of a wire, and means for guiding a wire into said passage, of a pair of cutters mounted 'throat a'cam, mechanism connected with said rock shaft 'andoperative to swing the throat toward and from said cutter, a sleeve .on said rock shaft, a cutter mounted on said sleeve for movement toward and from said stationary cutter, and a cam mechanism for rocking said 7 sleeve independently of said rock shaft.

12. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, the combination with a throat having a passage to. receive a wire, and means for guiding the wire into said passage, of a rock shaft supporting said throat,

means for rockingsaid shaft, a stationary cutter againstwhich the wire is forced by the rocking movement of said throat, said cutter being in a position to engage the ,wire close to the point at which it enters said throat, another cutter mounted for movement toward and from the first cutter to cooperate therewith in severing the wire, means for operating the latter cutter, and additional means fol-moving said rock shaft longitudinally of its axis.

13. In a machine for making fastenings from wire, the combination with a shearing mechanism comprising a pair of cutters, each of said cutters having a relatively thick substantially plane cutting edge and two diverging faces extending backward away from said edge, said edge lying substantially parallel to the length of the wire when the cutters are operating on it and one of said faces lying substantially at right angles to said edge, of means supporting one of said cutters in a stationary position, mechanism for moving the other outter toward and from the stationary cutter, a throat in which the end portion of the wire is positioned while said cutters operate on it, supporting and operating mechanism for said throat arranged to cause it to force the wire against the stationary cutter at the same time that the movable cutter advances toward the stationary cutter, and means for giving said throat an additional movement away from said cutters.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE GODDU.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 1,348,864.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,348,864, granted August 10, 1920, upon the application of George Goddu, of Winchester, Massachusetts, for an improvement in Machines for Making Fastenings, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 4, lines 5859, claim 7, strike out the Words in a direction transverse to the cutting edge of one of the cutters, and line 61, after the Word cutters insert the Words "in a direction transverse to the cutting edge of one of the cutters, and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of October, A. D., 1920.

[SEAL] L. B. MANN,

Acting Commissioner of Patents 

